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نصيحة لحماية ابنائك من الإصابة بإنفلونزا الخنازير بالمدارس

القاهرة - بدأ العام الدراسي الجديد السبت، حيث فتحت معظم المدارس في مصر ابوابها لاستقبال الطلاب تزامنا مع خوف اولياء الامور على سلامة أبنائهم من الإصابة بمرض إنفلونزا الخنازير.

وفيما يلي مجموعة من النصائح الهامة لأولياء الامور ابنائهم من الإصابة بمرض إنفلونزا الخنازير بالمدارس:

1- اشرح لأولادك طبيعة مرض إنفلونزا الخنازير بأقرب صورة ممكنة علي حسب سنهم.

2- قم بشراء أغطية الفم والأنف وعودهم علي ارتدائها في المنزل وبالوقت سيتعود عليها أطفالك وبالتالي لن تقلق من أنهم سيخلعونها في المدرسة.

3- قم بالتأكيد علي أبنائك بعدم خلع الأقنعة الواقية في الأماكن المزدحمة أبدا كطابور الصباح.

4- وفر لابنك قناعاً احتياطياً معه في الحقيبة تحسبا لأن يقطع الأول أو يمزق أو يتسخ.

5- علم الأولاد غسيل اليد بالماء والصابون.. دوما قبل الأكل وبعد حك العين وبعد البصق وغيرها فهذا أكثر احتياط آمن لهم لأن الفيروس لا يحتمل الوسط القلوي أبدا والذي يوفره الماء والصابون فقط.

6- قم بشراء صابونة «عادية ولا يشترط أن تكون طبية أو مضادة للبكتيريا» لابنك تكون في جيبه مع توفير مطهر ومنديل قماش يمكن استخدامه كقناع.

7- علمه أنه قبل الأكل في الفصل عليه أن يغسل يديه جيداً ولا يمسك أي شيء أبداً قبل أن يأكل مثل مسك الدرج وغلق باب الفصل وتنسيق حقيبته وإخراج أموال نقدية لشراء الأكل فهنا سيحتاج لغسيل يديه مرة أخري قبل أن يأكل.

8- جنب ابنك أكل الأشياء التي تعتمد علي يديه كالشيبسي والمعجنات، ووفر له الأكل الذي يمكن ألا يلمسه بيده كالبسكويت والساندوتش المنزلي المغلف بحيث يأكله مغلفا ولا يمسكه بيده وعلمه ذلك في المنزل مرة واثنتين وثلاث قبل الدراسة.

9- إن كان ابنك يشعر بالحرارة أو التعب فلا تجبره علي الذهاب للمدرسة فقد يكون مصابا.

10- علم ابنك أن يقوم بالبصق أو مسح العين بمناديل ورقية نظيفة وتوفيرها له مع سرعة التخلص منها في الأماكن المخصصة لذلك.

11- نبه عليه عدم الاقتراب من الشخص المصاب بالمرض أو الذي تظهر عليه أعراض المرض كالزكام والرشح وارتفاع درجة الحرارة مع الحفاظ علي مسافة تقدر بمتر بينه وبين أقرب شخص.

12- توفيرا لك قم بشراء كميات كبيرة من المناديل بأسعار الجملة فأنت في حاجة للكميات.

13- احضر فوطة نظيفة لابنك تغسل كل يوم وزوده بالمناديل التي تحتوي علي المطهرات ليقوم بمسح الدرج الذي يجلس عليه والذي سيضع يديه وكتبه وأدواته عليها.

14- دور الأم في البيت أن تجعل أماكن الكتب والملابس التي يخرج بها الأبناء للمدارس والكليات ليس هو نفس المكان الذي يأكلون فيه ووجهيهم نحو غسل الأيدي قبل الأكل في البيت أيضا.

15- قم بتقويم ابنك والذي لديه عادات قضم الأظافر ووضع طرف القلم في الفم ووضع الأصابع في الفم فقد يقوم بهذا حتي في المدرسة.

16- القيام بتهوية المنزل "إدخال الشمس له" دوما خصوصا من لديه طيور يربيها أو حيوانات أليفة.

17- يمكن أن تقوم الأم بصنع أقنعة ملونة وعليها رسومات وألعاب لجذب الأطفال لارتدائها أو تلوين أوراق وتدبيسها في الماسكات للأطفال وتكون كلعبة مسلية لهم ليرتدوها باقتناع.

18- قدم لابنك كوباً من الينسون الدافئ المنقوع وليس المغلي فور استيقاظه كعامل مساعد للوقاية من المرض بالإضافة الي تزويد الأطفال بالسوائل وتشجيعهم علي شربها بأكبر كمية.

19- إذا كنت تعاني أنت أو أحد أفراد أسرتك من الإنفلونزا او أعراض تشبه الإنفلونزا فقم بإبلاغ الطبيب فورا مع ضرورة تغطية الأنف والفم عند العطس منعا لنشر العدوي.

20- ضرورة اللجوء إلى المستشفي في الحالات الآتية:

- عند استمرار ارتفاع الحرارة لأكثر من ثلاثة أيام.

- عند حدوث ضيق في التنفس أو التنفس بسرعة.

- عند إفراز بلغم دموي.

- عند ملاحظة ازرقاق بلون الجلد.

- إذا كان ابنك يعاني من أحد الأمراض المزمنة مثل مرض السكر أو الأمراض التنفسية مثل الربو أو أمراض القلب الوعائية أو السمنة المفرطة

لمصدر:

موقع مصراوي

6 reasons to improve your body language

When we’re in school or at work, we’re taught to improve our words. We learn to improve our language and words to impress. We learn to construct clever chains of words to gain an upper hand and to communicate more clearly. But when we grow up we learn very little beyond improving our words. A bit strange since…

1. …words are only 7 percent of your communication.
The rest is your voice tonality (38 percent) and your body language at 55 percent. That’s according to research done by Albert Mehrabian, currently Professor Emeritus in psychology at UCLA. These numbers may vary depending upon the situation and what is communicated (for instance, talking over the phone is obviously different from talking face to face) but body language is a very important part of communication.

2. Increase your attractiveness
It’s not what you say, it’s how you say it. A better posture, a more open body language, a more controlled and focused body language will make everyone more attractive. And not just in a sexual way but when talking to new friends or in job interviews and business meetings.

3. Emotions are linked to your body language
Emotions work backwards too. If you feel good you’ll smile. If you force yourself to smile you’ll feel good too. If you feel tired or down you might sit slumped down. If you sit slumped down you’ll feel more tired and negative. Just try to sit straight up for 5 minutes and feel the difference in energy from half-lying in your chair.

4. Reduce mixed messages
If you’re in a job interview and you talk with a steady voice and say all the confident things you should but your body language tells your maybe-employers that you are very nervous or guarded then you are incongruent (and perhaps without that job). What you want is be congruent, that is for your words, your voice and your body language to say the same thing.

5. Improve your communication skills
If you improve your body language you can get your thoughts across in a more effective way. You can create a connection to another person more easily. When using more powerful and appropriately balanced body language your communication skills become more focused and better.

6. Better first impressions
Everyone stereotypes everyone on first impression, even if we are reluctant to do it. We all get a first impression of a new person that creates a mental image of his or her personality in our minds. That image of you often lasts. Having a better body language will consistently give people a more positive mental snapshot of you.

Be on the lookout for the follow up-article on how to improve your body language tomorrow.

Rally Poster

How to improve your soft skills at work

In a previous article we listed 60 soft skills, which if practised at the workplace, could boost your professional life.

Subjects like financial management, marketing management, HR management can be taught in the classroom and can be studied at home. But not soft skills. Soft skills are acquired and experienced on the spot and cannot be developed by merely reading textbooks.

The soft skills you gain will equip you to excel in your professional life and in your personal life. It is a continuous learning process.

The 60 soft skills mentioned can be classified into corporate skills, employability skills and life skills. In some parts of the world like in USA and Australia, soft skills ate also known as world skills.

Corporate skills

These are generally CEO level skills, but if you are familiar with them you will be in a position to guide your boss towards success ie working together for a common goal as a team. You can become a courageous follower as mentioned by Ira Chaleff in his award-winning book Courageous Follower: Standing Up To and For Our Leaders.

These skills include:

~ Political sensitivity.
~ Business and commercial awareness.
~ Strategic awareness.
~ Understanding funding streams and mechanisms.
~ Information management.
~ Organisation and control.
~ Team building.
~ Communication and persuasion.
~ Networking and public relations.
~ Leading change.


Employability skills

These have to be mastered by employable graduates and freshers include communication, team working, leadership, initiative, problem solving, flexibility and enthusiasm.

Every skill helps us to learn one more as they overlap each other.

To quote an example, leadership encompasses a number of other skills including cooperating with others, planning and organising, making decisions and verbal communication. Verbal communication itself involves various means of communication, some of which you may find easier than others -- talking over the phone, making a presentation to a group, explaining something to a person with a more limited understanding of the topic for example.

By improving one skill, you may also improve a number of others. In the context of your career planning and development, they are called career management skills

Life skills

These skills are related to the head, heart, hands and health ie highly personal and behavioural skills which reflects our personality and naturally helps in personality development.

Source: http://www.extension.iastate.edu/learningandliving/main/tlsmodel.html

We manage and think with our head. Resilience, keeping records, making wise use of resources, planning/organising and goal setting are 'head' related managerial functions. Service learning, Critical thinking, problem solving, decision making and learning to learn were related to our thinking processes, which we manage with our head.

Functions of the heart are relating to people and caring. How do we relate to people? We relate to people by accepting differences, conflict resolutions, social skills, cooperation and communication. The second function we do through our heart is caring. We care through nurturing relationships, sharing, empathy and concern for others.

We give and work through our hands. Community service, volunteering, leadership, responsible citizenship and contributions to group effort -- are our way giving back to society. We work through our marketable skills, teamwork and self-motivation to get the things done.

Living and being comes under the functions of health. Healthy lifestyle choices, stress management, disease prevention and personal safety are our prime concerns for better living. Self-esteem, self-responsibility, character, managing feelings and self-discipline must be practiced without fail for our well-being. In a nutshell, the essence of life skills is share well, care well and fare well.

Things to do everyday

Follow these ten golden rules and enjoy every moment of living.

~ Greet your family members first thing in the morning. If you are not used to this, they will be surprised with your sudden and nice gesture.

~ Greet your peers, subordinates and boss once you enter the office. Smile at even the 'security' personnel standing at the gate, who takes care of your safety.

~ Greet your friends along the way and do not ignore them.

~ Continously reciprocate to breed communication. If you do not reciprocate at least with a 'thanks' when you get information or a source on your online network or your offline network, you will not be remembered for a long time. If you are not remembered, you are out of your network.

~ Be a proactive listener and empathise with others to command respect.

~ While talking to others, your voice, tone and tenor must be audible and soothing. It should not be aggressive or in a shouting mode.

~ Dress well to suit your profession and to create positive vibes in your workplace. If you are a sales representative, do not go out with printed shirts and jeans, which may turn down your customer.

~ Political and religious comments must be avoided at all costs in the workplace, when you are in a group.

~ Your communication should not provoke others.

~ Do not speak ill of others if you can help it.


By: Challa S S J Ram Phani, certified trainer and facilitator (CAMI, USA) and is a career management consultant and corporate trainer by profession.

Source: www.rediff.com

6 'soft' skills you need for success

A reputed software company in India is all geared up for a client visit.

The clients have indicated that, after inspecting the progress of the project they have outsourced, they would like to meet the team members working on it.

Why? To select one team member for a stint onsite -- something almost every software engineer aspires for.

Ravi has been one of the most active members in the project and has done a wonderful job. He is technically brilliant, but has some concerns:

Will he able to communicate his performance to the client in an impressive manner so that he is chosen?
Why do his team mates not prefer to come to him for solutions and go to less capable people instead?
His project manager doesn't seem to be very warm towards him either, although he does drop in those occasional mails appreciating his work.

Here is a typical scenario in an IT company; or for that matter, any organisation where interpersonal communication is involved. Or, like in Ravi's case, where an employee suffers from a lack of interpersonal skills.

Are technical/ job-related skills enough?

Technical and job-related skills are a must, but they are NOT sufficient when it comes to progressing up the ladder.

With the traditional paternalistic style of leadership becoming passé, professional managers expect their teams to be proactive and communicate openly.

"Soft skills are very important in business. It is essential to be technically sound, but one should also have the ability to convey the idea to the masses in the simplest possible manner," says Mayurkumar Gadewar, an ERP consultant with Pricewaterhouse Coopers.

With the boom in outsourcing taking root across industries, many professionals and subject matter experts directly deal with their clients on a regular basis.

Their approachability and people skills are what ultimately sustain the contract their employers have bagged.

"Planning is necessary but execution is also equally important. And it takes soft skills to execute any idea because it involves dealing with people directly," says Gadewar.

6 soft skills for every hard-nosed professional

Behavioural training experts say there are several soft skills are required in these circumstances. Some of them include:

i. Interpersonal skills

ii. Team spirit

iii. Social grace

iv. Business etiquette

v. Negotiation skills

vi. Behavioural traits such as attitude, motivation and time management

Do you have these? If your answer is yes, good for you.

But if your answer is no, then you know it is time to approach either a training organisation or a training consultant.

Will formal training enhance your soft skills?

There is a lot of argument in the industry as to whether it is possible to enhance soft skills in a few hours of training, especially when one considers the fact that a person has lived with those traits all his life. To this, the answer is harsh but real -- a professional who wants to do well in his/ her career does not really have a choice.

In the initial years of your career, your technical abilities are important to get good assignments. However, when it comes to growing in an organisation, it is your personality that matters, more so in large organisations where several people with similar technical expertise will compete for a promotion.

Training on soft skills becomes all the more relevant in a country like India where the education system does not delve into personality development.

"Soft skills training is essential because we do not have it in our academic curricula. Therefore, corporate houses have to take up the task of grooming employees who are the link between the company and the external world, so that they are able to present themselves better, " says Sumeet Mehta, an equity research analyst with Fortis Securities Ltd.

Be your own trainer!

While organisations are definitely investing in augmenting their staff's people skills, here are some inputs for professionals and students who would like to initiate the process themselves:

i. Be a part of team activities

It could be either as a part of your church choir, or an NGO, or your local youth circle.

Observe your own behaviour in the group and how you relate to others.

ii. Ask family members or close friends to write down your best and worst traits.

Ideally, have at least four to five people do this for you.

Evaluate the common traits all of them have mentioned. Thus, you can be aware of your strengths and work improving your weaknesses.

iii. How well do you manage your time?

Think.

Can you do more in life? Or is your day too crammed with activities? Effective time management is very essential in the corporate world.

iv. Introspect on how you react to feedback.

In organisations, people skills mostly come into the picture when there is feedback given -- be it for an idea, an executed project or a presentation.

You are judged by the way you respond to feedback.

Do you get defensive?

Do you insist you were right?

Do you meekly accept criticism?

Remember, people tend to be judged and stereotyped according to their responses. You will, too.

v. How good are you at critiquing?

While responding to feedback is one side of the coin, giving feedback is the other side.

Are you aggressive? Pessimistic? Do you believe in constructive criticism? Or prefer to be the yes-man?

vi. Live consciously

Any organisation is manned by people, therefore soft skills are all about how you deal with people and present yourself.

Though it may be easier said than done, soft skills can be enhanced simply by being aware of oneself and living consciously.


Author: Rukmini Iyer, corporate trainer and instructional designer. She writes regularly on business etiquette, communication, language enhancement and grooming.

Source: www.rediff.com

The top 60 soft skills at work

Soft skills play a vital role for professional success; they help one to excel in the workplace and their importance cannot be denied in this age of information and knowledge. Good soft skills -- which are in fact scarce -- in the highly competitive corporate world will help you stand out in a milieu of routine job seekers with mediocre skills and talent.

The Smyth County Industry Council, a governing body based in the US, conducted a survey recently. The results of the survey was called the Workforce Profile which found "an across-the-board unanimous profile of skills and characteristics needed to make a good employee." The people most likely to be hired for available jobs have what employers call "soft skills".

Here were some of the findings according to the workforce study:

The most common traits, mentioned by virtually every employer, were:

~ Positive work ethic.

~ Good attitude.

~ Desire to learn and be trained.

Mohan Rao, a technical director with Emmellen Biotech Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Mumbai defines a 'good attitude: "It is a behavioural skill, which cannot be taught. However it can be developed through continuous training. It represents the reactive nature of the individual and is about looking at things with the right perspective. You must be ready to solve problems proactively and create win-win situations. And you must be able to take ownership ie responsibility for your actions and lead from the front without calling it quits at the most critical moment."

Most of the business leaders observed that they could find workers who have "hard skills" ie the capability to operate machinery or fulfill other tasks, but many potential hires lack the "soft skills" that a company needs.

CEOs and human resource managers said they are ready to hire workers who demonstrate a high level of "soft skills" and then train them for the specific jobs available. The ever-changing impact of technology has given hard-skills-only workers a short shelf life.

According to results of the Workforce Profile, (source: www.workforce.com) the more valuable employee is one who can grow and learn as the business changes.

Soft skills "are as important, if not more important, than traditional hard skills to an employer looking to hire -- regardless of industry or job type. This could offer a major breakthrough as educators and training providers seek to develop and cluster training courses to fit business and industry needs."

Top 60 soft skills

The Workforce Profile defined about 60 "soft skills", which employers seek. They are applicable to any field of work, according to the study, and are the "personal traits and skills that employers state are the most important when selecting employees for jobs of any type."

1. Math.
2. Safety.
3. Courtesy.
4. Honesty.
5. Grammar.
6. Reliability.
7. Flexibility.
8. Team skills.
9. Eye contact.
10. Cooperation.
11. Adaptability.
12. Follow rules.
13. Self-directed.
14 Good attitude.
15. Writing skills.
16. Driver's license.
17. Dependability.
18. Advanced math.
19. Self-supervising.
20. Good references.
21. Being drug free.
22. Good attendance.
23. Personal energy.
24. Work experience.
25. Ability to measure.
26. Personal integrity.
27. Good work history.
28. Positive work ethic.
29. Interpersonal skills.
30. Motivational skills.
31. Valuing education.
32. Personal chemistry.
33. Willingness to learn.
34. Common sense.
35. Critical thinking skills.
36. Knowledge of fractions.
37. Reporting to work on time.
38. Use of rulers and calculators.
39. Good personal appearance.
40. Wanting to do a good job.
41. Basic spelling and grammar.
42. Reading and comprehension.
43. Ability to follow regulations.
44. Willingness to be accountable.
45. Ability to fill out a job application.
46. Ability to make production quotas.
47. Basic manufacturing skills training.
48. Awareness of how business works.
49. Staying on the job until it is finished.
50. Ability to read and follow instructions.
51. Willingness to work second and third shifts.
52. Caring about seeing the company succeed.
53. Understanding what the world is all about.
54. Ability to listen and document what you have heard.
55. Commitment to continued training and learning.
56. Willingness to take instruction and responsibility.
57. Ability to relate to coworkers in a close environment.
58. Not expecting to become a supervisor in the first six months.
59. Willingness to be a good worker and go beyond the traditional eight-hour day.
60. Communication skills with public, fellow employees, supervisors, and customers.


By: Challa S S J Ram Phani

Source: www.rediff.com

10 Useful Hints for Everyday Grammar

The following is a list of 10 of the most common crimes against grammar, and tips to help you avoid committing them.

1. It's vs. Its: This one is simple, even though it represents an exception to the rules of possessive apostrophe (see next tip). "It's" means "it is" (as in, "It is cold," "It is time to clean the bong," or "It is not that I don't like you, I'm just not attracted to you"), and sometimes "it has" (as in, "It has come to this," or "It has been a long time since I read an article by such a snob"). Meanwhile, "its" means "belonging to it"--as in, "The bear wiped its ass on the rabbit," or "This article is certainly taking its time to come to the point."


2. Apostrophes: I don't have time to get into the whole world of apostrophes. The important thing to remember is this: Apostrophes NEVER make a word plural, they usually make it possessive (i.e., "Fred's" = belonging to Fred; "Freds" = a roomful of dudes named Fred). All you need to do to make something plural (generally) is add an "s" to the end. I wouldn't mention this at all, but I have seen approximately 4.7 billion signs that add unnecessary apostrophes to advertise "apple's," or "auto's" or "egg's," and it always makes me want to kill someone.


3. I'm well vs. I'm good: Tricky territory, because of the nature of the verb "to be." There's nothing technically wrong with answering, "I'm well," when asked "How are you?" since "well" in this context is an adjective that generally means "not sick." It's just that "well" is also an adverb that modifies "am," and not "I" (which sort of makes the question "how do you am?"--which in turn makes no goddamn sense). The adjective "good" does describe "I," which seems much more to the point of the question. But "good" can feel wrong to folks with painful memories of being corrected by their grandmothers (see also: Me and I). May I suggest "I am fine"? There's no absolute here, but it's probably better to save "well" for when someone asks you how you are doing.


4. Literally: I once saw Bill Clinton give a speech to the Democratic Leadership Council. It was 1998, in the heat of the Lewinsky scandal, and I couldn't make up my mind about what the President deserved. Then I heard him say, "The changes implemented by the DLC are literally sweeping the globe." I jumped to my feet and yelled at the television, "Wrong on two counts. Impeach the bastard!" The changes weren't actually sweeping the globe, and even if it were technically possible for "changes" to lift a broom, there's no such thing as "literally sweeping the globe." Literally is a perfect word in this sense, because it is self-defining. Don't fuck with it.


5. Me and I: More and more people seem to be abusing the "I" lately, probably as another result of repeated correction during childhood." That's between my girlfriend and I" sounds correct to certain ears, but those ears are clogged with foolish misconceptions. "That's between my girlfriend and me" is correct. The rules here are clunky and hard to remember, so here's a simple trick: Before you speak, remove the other party from the sentence. Would you say "that's between I"? Not unless you were from Jamaica. It works the other way around as well: "My dad and me went to the Promise Keepers convention and testified to the glory of the lord." Would you say "Me went to the Promise Keepers convention"? Not unless you were stupid. Then again, even if you said, "I went to the Promise Keepers," chances are you're stupid anyway. Stupid Promise Keepers.


6. You're vs. Your: "You're" means "you are," as in "You are sexy," "You are a liar," or "You are probably going to hate me, but I just cheated on you (again)." "Your" means "belonging to you," as in "Your friend is really cute," "Your diary was hilarious," or "Keep your laws off of my body." There is no wiggle room here. If you write "Your welcome," you're wrong.


7. They're, There, Their: A lot of people still can't get this right, which is, you know, sad. "They're" means "they are," as in "They are old enough to be expected to know how to spell." "There" means "there," like "Over there," "There, there," "There you go," "There's no reason for not knowing how to tell one there from another," and so on. "Their" means "belonging to them," as in "Their grammar is an embarrassment," or "Their teachers have failed them."


8. Who and Whom: This is a killer, but there is a shorthand way to remember which one goes where. The code: "who = he/she" and "whom = him/her." That is to say that the answer to the question provides the telltale clue. So, with "Who is that?" "He" is that. "With whom did you get high?" I got high with her. It can be a bit of a hassle sometimes (not to mention the stodginess factor), but you never know whom you'll have to impress.


9. Split Infinitives: Contrary to what you may have been told, the splitting of infinitives with adverbs (as in "to boldly go") is not only acceptable--unless you're translating Latin--but often preferable. That doesn't mean you should always do it--"to boldly go" was a poor example; it should be "to go boldly" (or baldly, since it was William Shatner)--but usually, it's all right. And sometimes it's more right.


10. Prepositions at the End of a Sentence: Technically, you're not supposed to end a sentence with a preposition, but generally, the only people who really care about this rule are too uptight to recognize that "What did you come up with?" is always better than "Up with what did you come?" Generally speaking, it varies from case to case. There is, however, one inviolable law: NEVER NEVER NEVER ask someone where something is at.


By: Sean Nelson

Source: www.thestranger.com